Home Fish Fish: Common Carp Fish-Cyprinus Carpio

Fish: Common Carp Fish-Cyprinus Carpio

Fish: Common Carp Fish-Cyprinus Carpio, Morphological Character Of Common Carp Fish

The appearance and morphology.'s Body is covered with large sitting tight dark yellow-gold scales. At the base of each dark spot scales, scales fringed edge of a black dot stripe. Mouth inferior, highly extendable to form a proboscis. Snout long, somewhat blunted. In the corners of the mouth are two pairs of short antennae. High forehead, small eyes. The dorsal fin is very long, with a serrated bone ray, anal, too short and with a serrated beam.

The age limit - 30 years, but its growth stops in 7-8 years, that is the main weight gain occurs in the first quarter of life. It can reach a length of 100 cm or more, and the weight to 16-32 kg. The average length of the catches of 35-55 cm, weight - 3.1 kg.

Fin formula : D III-IV (V) 15-22, A III-IV 5-6. In the lateral line scales 32-41. gill rakers 21-29. Pharyngeal teeth are large, chewy type, three-row: 1.1.3-3.1.1, 1.2.3-3.2.1 less. Vertebrae 36-38. The length of the intestine is 2.5-3 times greater than the length of the body.

Systematics. Are 4 subspecies, of which the waters inhabited by two Russian: Cyprinus carpio carpio Linnaeus, 1758 - European carp, Cyprinus carpio haematopterus Temminsk et Schlegel, 1846 - Amur carp. Amur carp differs from the European fewer gill rakers and dorsal fin rays. karyotype: 2n = 100, NF = 152.

Lifestyle. Freshwater fish, but is found in the brackish waters of the Caspian Sea and the Aral Sea, which forms a semi-anadromous forms . Semi-anadromous form of carp feeds in the Sea (Caspian), goes beyond the delta area in water with high salinity. Returning to spawn in the river. Residential (freshwater) carp lives year-round in certain areas of the reservoir, without committing large migrations. In the delta of the Volga River known as the pit white or ilmenite carp (feeds in the ilmenite, winters in the pits to Eric). It hibernates in deep holes at the mouths of rivers or in a river spaces. Growing residential carp slower than diadromous.

Nutrition. Juveniles consume first zoo plankton , and then goes on benthos . The diet of adult fish varies with the seasons. During the spring and early summer, carp feeds mainly on young shoots of reeds, cattails, Potbelly, pondweed and other aquatic plants, willingly eats caviar early spawning fish and frogs. Carp summer diet is somewhat different - though the leaves of aquatic plants and are included in the menu, recede into the background. Now the basis of the diet are aquatic insects, worms, small snails, Potbelly, molting crabs, small leeches, etc. pleasure also eats invertebrates, mollusks zebra mussels, small perlovitsy coils, pond snails. Autumn completely abandons the plants, and goes on small aquatic insects and invertebrates.

Reproduction. Reaches sexual maturity at the age of 3-5 years at a length of more than 30 cm Spawning portioned, from late April to August (depending on latitude) at a water temperature of 16-20 ° C and above. In the lower reaches of the rivers of southern Europe spawns on polo or spills. The eggs lay on a soft vegetation in shallow water (up to 0.5 m). Fertility 96 million - 1.8 million eggs. Caviar yellowish, sticky with a diameter of 1.4-1.5 mm. incubation period lasts from 2.5 days at a water temperature of 22-24 ° C and 7.5 days at 17-18 ° C. The newly hatched larvae are 6.5-7.0 mm in length at first hanging, attached to the plants, and then beginning to move and feed on zooplankton

Distribution. Present area of carp and carp in Eurasia is between 35 and 50 ° N. and 30 and 135 ° E. The natural range of the species consists of two parts: 1) The waters of Ponto-Caspian-Aral region and 2) the pool of Far Eastern rivers and rivers of Southeast Asia from the Amur River in the north to Yunnan (China) and Burma to the south.

European carp and carp currently inhabit fresh and brackish water basins of the North, Baltic, Mediterranean, Black, Azov, Caspian and Aral seas, lakes. Issyk-Kul. It is believed that the source region of the spread of European carp and its diverse species was the Danube basin. Thanks to the artificial breeding habitat carp moved north to 60 ° N Care of carp ponds - the main reason for its appearance in the Moskva river, oz.Seliger, Ivankovskom Reservoir and other water bodies.

The natural habitat of the Amur carp included the territory of the Amur River basin to the South of China. He is now widely distributed in Asia outside of its natural range. There Kamchatka, Sakhalin and Lake Baikal. In the basin of the Amur is known from the lake. Bujr-Nur and r.Arguni to the estuary. Common in the lower reaches of the rivers and lakes.

By its size and importance to anglers and hunters carp anglers undoubtedly ranks first among all the fishes of his family, which received from him the title. But in regard to fishing, despite the fact that in southern Russia, and especially in the lower reaches of large rivers of the Black, Caspian and Aral seas carp caught in large numbers, it is not as important as, for example., Bream, Syrty, roach and roach and for the future is still almost never harvested.